This project explores the potential for diplomatic protection to be used as a distinctive mechanism for the protection of the human rights of individuals. The undoubted development of standards of universal human rights protection has been accompanied by a world system which is still state-orientated. In the absence of a universal human rights treaty which provides real remedies for individuals, diplomatic protection remains the most effective remedy for the promotion of human rights. This remedy, being half legal and half diplomatic, is one which will, however, continue to be the subject of controversy. The research aims to reassess the law on diplomatic protection of citizens abroad in a post-codification / globalization context.